Thursday 6 February 2014

Who are the African-Caribbean people and how they came into existence Part 1

It is accurate to say that anyone who is black and is either born, has parents or grandparents and so on who were born in any of the Caribbean nations is classed as African-Caribbean. The African term is used to define race whilst the the Caribbean term is used to define culture. As it is well known that black people from the Caribbean nations descend from Central and predominantly West Africans just like their African-Americans and African Latin Americans counterparts.

African-Caribbean people can be found all over the world, with high concentrations especially in the UK, USA, Canada and of course the Caribbean. The Trans Atlantic Slave Trade is the sole reason why African-Caribbean people exist today due to the forced migration of Africans from Central and mostly West Africa to what was considered the "New World" which is the Americas "Caribbean and North and South America". From the 15th-19th century where Central and West African people were subjected to inhumane treatment on slave plantations located in the Caribbean and North and South America (USA & Brazil) lead to the process of what is called "Creolization".

 Basically this process is the combination of African, Asian, European and Indigenous lineages. Though African-Caribbean people are apart of the African diaspora, the African identity of enslaved Africans is complicated and was stripped off them which slavery and creolization can take credit for. They say that the Caribbean is a melting pot of different cultures which is very much true, if you go to the Caribbean you will see a variety of people such as Chinese, Indians, Europeans, Middle Easterns as well as people who are of African descent who form the majority in most of the nations. Over the period of slavery where Africans were forced to speak the language of the slave master wherever it be Spanish (Cuba, Dominican Republic i.e), French (Haiti, St Lucia, Dominica i.e) or English (Barbados, Jamaica, Trinidad i.e) and the fact that Africans from various ethnic groups were forced to reproduce with each other is the reason why African-Caribbeans don't have an African language to speak. Instead what African-Caribbeans speak is patois,patwa or creole which is either broken English, Spanish or French which has some vocabulary influences from African ethnic groups. Creolization also affected other cultural factors such as cuisine, music and religion, in places like Trinidad and Tobago where there is a significant Indian descended population you will find foods that have Indian influences like curries and rotis.

All was not lost because some African culture and traditions  did survive in the Caribbean,  the music styles such as calypso, reggae, soca etc has African influences, the foods eaten in the region are very similar if not the same as some of those consumed in West Africa such as yams, okra etc and some traditional African religious beliefs such as Orisha/Voodoo managed to survive in some Caribbean nations (Cuba, Trinidad, St Lucia i.e). Please read Part 2.

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